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Electric cars have an elaborate wiring system. This is because unlike a conventional vehicle, which only needs power to control its electric car accessories such as wipers and headlamps, an electric car needs a wiring system for its motive power. It is needed for movement. For this reason, it must have an elaborate wiring system capable of withstanding heavy use, minimizing energy loss as well as optimizing power for the motor.
The electric car has four main electrical systems – the propulsion system which includes the motors, the 12V system which enables the wipers and headlamps to function, the charging system which works through a process of regenerative braking when the driver steps on the brakes Is , driver’s display and controls. All these systems require complex wiring systems.
The wiring system becomes more obvious when it comes to instrumentation. You’ll recognize that there is no fuel gauge in an electric car. Instead it has a voltmeter that shows how much power is left in the battery. There is an ammeter that shows propulsion system measurements.
Electric cars use heavy cables for their wiring because the current can be as high as 300 amperes. For this reason, cables are wrapped in heavy duty lugs so that leakage and burnout of electricity is minimized. Again you have a 400 amp fuse on the circuit and a corrosion proof material is applied to the terminals to reduce corrosion.
The most complex aspect is the charger interlock system which isolates the controller during charging so that the vehicle does not accidentally accelerate during recharge.
If you’re doing the conversion yourself, you might want to get general plans and wiring schematics to help you with the electrical set up. This is a main component of the kit you will buy and your purchase will not be completely white. The description here will show you how to mount the wiring, its cables and other accessories for optimum functionality.
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